How to say “without” in 53 languages
Every one of these is a word that turns up in ordinary speech, not a dictionary curiosity — the number beside it is where it ranks in that language.
It is commonest in Turkish, where tamam is the 28th most used word.
- Afrikaans sonder #169
- Albanian pa without, minus #97
- Arabic بدون #150
- Armenian առանց #185
- Basque gabe #65
- Bengali নিশ্চিত certainly, surely, without doubt, positively #183
- Bosnian bez without, excluding, not counting #123
- Bulgarian без #109
- Catalan sense #139
- Chinese 全都 all; without exception #311
- Croatian bez without, excluding, not counting #123
- Czech bez #172
- Danish uden #170
- Dutch zonder #224
- English only Without others or anything further;… #116
- Esperanto sen #122
- Estonian üksi Without other people #392
- Finnish ilman #191
- French sans #134
- Galician sen #83
- Georgian გარეშე without; out of #201
- German immer at all times without exception #89
- Greek χωρίς without, -less, -free #163
- Hebrew בלי #191
- Hindi बिना without, lacking #258
- Hungarian nélkül #254
- Icelandic án #170
- Indonesian sedang Progressive aspect without necessarily a… #102
- Italian senza #178
- Korean 바로 truly, without lie or deception #88
- Latvian bez #142
- Lithuanian be #104
- Macedonian без #109
- Malay tanpa #216
- Malayalam വെറുതെ without reward or profit #113
- Norwegian uten #173
- Persian بدون sans, without #133
- Polish bez without, lacking #114
- Portuguese sem -less; without #133
- Romanian sigur certainly, definitely, without a doubt #119
- Russian без without, aside from, except, minus, free… #136
- Serbian bez without, excluding, not counting #124
- Slovak bez #121
- Slovenian brez #91
- Spanish sin #115
- Swedish utan #150
- Tagalog tiyak sure; certain; without doubt #1,086
- Tamil இல்லாமல் #223
- Telugu తప్పకుండా surely, without fail #842
- Turkish tamam complete, without defects #28
- Ukrainian без #99
- Urdu بغیر #132
- Vietnamese thừa without doubt; surely; certainly #908
Knowing the word is the easy half.
Using it with someone who speaks the language is the half that sticks.